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1301basic_ios state bits and invariants
1302good versus fail versus bad versus eof
1303Stream sentry objects and tied streams
1304Stream exception masks with exceptions()
1305Clearing errors before retrying extraction
1306Integer extraction and overflow behavior
1307Floating extraction and locale dependence
1308boolalpha parsing and formatting
1309Numeric bases with dec, oct, and hex
1310showbase, showpos, and uppercase flags
1311fixed, scientific, and hexfloat modes
1312setprecision under different float modes
1313setw resets after formatted insertion
1314setfill and alignment manipulators
1315Saving and restoring stream formatting state
1316Whitespace skipping and noskipws
1317std::ws before line-based input
1318getline after numeric extraction
1319Bounded token extraction into character buffers
1320Defining robust operator>> overloads
1321Defining composable operator<< overloads
1322Locale facets and std::num_get
1323Custom numeric punctuation with numpunct
1324imbue and per-stream locales
1325Stream xalloc, iword, and pword storage
1326Stream register_callback lifecycle hooks
1327std::ios_base::sync_with_stdio tradeoffs
1328cin.tie(nullptr) and interactive prompts
1329endl versus newline and flush
1330unitbuf and stderr flushing behavior
1331std::streambuf get and put areas
1332Overriding streambuf::underflow
1333Overriding streambuf::overflow
1334Overriding xsgetn and xsputn
1335Custom streambuf synchronization with sync
1336Redirecting streams with rdbuf safely
1337Implementing a tee stream buffer
1338Counting output bytes with a stream buffer
1339File openmode combinations
1340app versus ate positioning
1341Binary mode and newline translation
1342Checking close failures explicitly
1343read, write, and gcount for binary blocks
1344get, peek, unget, and putback
1345ignore and delimiter recovery
1346tellg and tellp position types
1347seekg and seekp for random access
1348Switching file read and write directions
1349fstream buffering with pubsetbuf
1350String buffer ownership and str() copies
1351Moving strings into stringstream buffers
1352stringstream view() and invalidation
1353C++23 spanstream fixed-storage I/O
1354ispanstream over immutable buffers
1355ospanstream capacity exhaustion
1356std::osyncstream atomic log emission
1357osyncstream emit and destructor behavior
1358Mixing synchronized and unsynchronized writers
1359Error-aware binary record reading
1360Endianness conversion in binary file formats
1361std::format replacement field indexing
1362Format width, fill, and alignment
1363Dynamic width and precision arguments
1364Integer presentation types in format strings
1365Floating-point format specifications
1366Locale-aware formatting with the L option
1367Compile-time checking with format_string
1368Runtime formatting with std::vformat
1369std::make_format_args argument lifetime
1370std::format_to output iterators
1371std::format_to_n bounded output
1372std::formatted_size preflight sizing
1373Specializing std::formatter for domain types
1374Formatter parse methods and format contexts
1375Delegating formatters to existing formatters
1376std::range_formatter and range formatting
1377Tuple and pair formatting in C++23
1378Debug string formatting with ?
1379Formatting chrono durations and calendars
1380std::print to stdout in C++23
1381std::println and line termination
1382std::print to FILE pointers
1383Unicode terminal behavior of std::print
1384format_error and malformed runtime patterns
1385std::runtime_format in C++26
1386Feature-test macros for formatting support
1387std::filesystem::path native representation
1388Generic paths versus native paths
1389UTF-8 paths and char8_t conversions
1390Path root_name and root_directory
1391Path stem and extension decomposition
1392Path append versus string concatenation
1393replace_extension and remove_filename
1394Path lexical normalization
1395lexically_relative versus relative
1396absolute versus canonical versus weakly_canonical
1397current_path is process-global state
1398filesystem::status versus symlink_status
1399file_type classification
1400exists and races after existence checks
1401file_size and non-regular files
1402last_write_time and file_clock conversions
1403Space queries with filesystem::space
1404Reading and changing permissions
1405Permission replacement versus addition
1406hard_link_count and inode identity
1407equivalent for filesystem identity
1408error_code overloads versus filesystem_error
1409filesystem_error path1 and path2 diagnostics
1410Platform differences in reserved path names
1411Case sensitivity and path comparison
1412directory_iterator single-pass semantics
1413recursive_directory_iterator depth control
1414Disabling pending recursion
1415directory_options::skip_permission_denied
1416Following directory symlinks and cycle risks
1417directory_entry metadata caching and refresh
1418Creating single and nested directories
1419copy_file overwrite and update policies
1420Recursive copy option combinations
1421Copying symlinks versus following targets
1422Creating hard links
1423Creating symbolic links and directory symlinks
1424Reading symbolic link targets
1425rename atomicity and cross-device errors
1426remove versus remove_all
1427resize_file truncation and extension
1428temp_directory_path and secure temp creation
1429Atomic file replacement with temporary files
1430Durable file updates require platform fsync
1431Time-of-check-to-time-of-use path attacks
1432Avoiding directory traversal vulnerabilities
1433Race-resistant operations with platform handles
1434Walking trees without following symlink loops
1435Recovering from partially completed file copies
1436Filesystem test fixtures and cleanup ownership

1301basic_ios state bits and invariants
1302good versus fail versus bad versus eof
1303Stream sentry objects and tied streams
1304Stream exception masks with exceptions()
1305Clearing errors before retrying extraction
1306Integer extraction and overflow behavior
1307Floating extraction and locale dependence
1308boolalpha parsing and formatting
1309Numeric bases with dec, oct, and hex
1310showbase, showpos, and uppercase flags
1311fixed, scientific, and hexfloat modes
1312setprecision under different float modes
1313setw resets after formatted insertion
1314setfill and alignment manipulators
1315Saving and restoring stream formatting state
1316Whitespace skipping and noskipws
1317std::ws before line-based input
1318getline after numeric extraction
1319Bounded token extraction into character buffers
1320Defining robust operator>> overloads
1321Defining composable operator<< overloads
1322Locale facets and std::num_get
1323Custom numeric punctuation with numpunct
1324imbue and per-stream locales
1325Stream xalloc, iword, and pword storage
1326Stream register_callback lifecycle hooks
1327std::ios_base::sync_with_stdio tradeoffs
1328cin.tie(nullptr) and interactive prompts
1329endl versus newline and flush
1330unitbuf and stderr flushing behavior
1331std::streambuf get and put areas
1332Overriding streambuf::underflow
1333Overriding streambuf::overflow
1334Overriding xsgetn and xsputn
1335Custom streambuf synchronization with sync
1336Redirecting streams with rdbuf safely
1337Implementing a tee stream buffer
1338Counting output bytes with a stream buffer
1339File openmode combinations
1340app versus ate positioning
1341Binary mode and newline translation
1342Checking close failures explicitly
1343read, write, and gcount for binary blocks
1344get, peek, unget, and putback
1345ignore and delimiter recovery
1346tellg and tellp position types
1347seekg and seekp for random access
1348Switching file read and write directions
1349fstream buffering with pubsetbuf
1350String buffer ownership and str() copies
1351Moving strings into stringstream buffers
1352stringstream view() and invalidation
1353C++23 spanstream fixed-storage I/O
1354ispanstream over immutable buffers
1355ospanstream capacity exhaustion
1356std::osyncstream atomic log emission
1357osyncstream emit and destructor behavior
1358Mixing synchronized and unsynchronized writers
1359Error-aware binary record reading
1360Endianness conversion in binary file formats
1361std::format replacement field indexing
1362Format width, fill, and alignment
1363Dynamic width and precision arguments
1364Integer presentation types in format strings
1365Floating-point format specifications
1366Locale-aware formatting with the L option
1367Compile-time checking with format_string
1368Runtime formatting with std::vformat
1369std::make_format_args argument lifetime
1370std::format_to output iterators
1371std::format_to_n bounded output
1372std::formatted_size preflight sizing
1373Specializing std::formatter for domain types
1374Formatter parse methods and format contexts
1375Delegating formatters to existing formatters
1376std::range_formatter and range formatting
1377Tuple and pair formatting in C++23
1378Debug string formatting with ?
1379Formatting chrono durations and calendars
1380std::print to stdout in C++23
1381std::println and line termination
1382std::print to FILE pointers
1383Unicode terminal behavior of std::print
1384format_error and malformed runtime patterns
1385std::runtime_format in C++26
1386Feature-test macros for formatting support
1387std::filesystem::path native representation
1388Generic paths versus native paths
1389UTF-8 paths and char8_t conversions
1390Path root_name and root_directory
1391Path stem and extension decomposition
1392Path append versus string concatenation
1393replace_extension and remove_filename
1394Path lexical normalization
1395lexically_relative versus relative
1396absolute versus canonical versus weakly_canonical
1397current_path is process-global state
1398filesystem::status versus symlink_status
1399file_type classification
1400exists and races after existence checks
1401file_size and non-regular files
1402last_write_time and file_clock conversions
1403Space queries with filesystem::space
1404Reading and changing permissions
1405Permission replacement versus addition
1406hard_link_count and inode identity
1407equivalent for filesystem identity
1408error_code overloads versus filesystem_error
1409filesystem_error path1 and path2 diagnostics
1410Platform differences in reserved path names
1411Case sensitivity and path comparison
1412directory_iterator single-pass semantics
1413recursive_directory_iterator depth control
1414Disabling pending recursion
1415directory_options::skip_permission_denied
1416Following directory symlinks and cycle risks
1417directory_entry metadata caching and refresh
1418Creating single and nested directories
1419copy_file overwrite and update policies
1420Recursive copy option combinations
1421Copying symlinks versus following targets
1422Creating hard links
1423Creating symbolic links and directory symlinks
1424Reading symbolic link targets
1425rename atomicity and cross-device errors
1426remove versus remove_all
1427resize_file truncation and extension
1428temp_directory_path and secure temp creation
1429Atomic file replacement with temporary files
1430Durable file updates require platform fsync
1431Time-of-check-to-time-of-use path attacks
1432Avoiding directory traversal vulnerabilities
1433Race-resistant operations with platform handles
1434Walking trees without following symlink loops
1435Recovering from partially completed file copies
1436Filesystem test fixtures and cleanup ownership

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Lesson 1382 of 2,476·16. Streams, Formatting, and FilesystemsFree lesson

std::print to FILE pointers

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