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Web Development

121Basic Selectors: Type, Class, and ID
122Attribute Selectors
123Combinators: Descendant and Child
124Combinators: Adjacent and General Sibling
125Pseudo-Classes: :hover, :focus, :active
126Structural Pseudo-Classes: :first-child and :last-child
127Structural Pseudo-Classes: :nth-child and :nth-of-type
128Pseudo-Elements: ::before and ::after
129Pseudo-Elements: ::first-line and ::first-letter
130The Universal Selector and Its Uses
131Understanding Specificity: The Point System
132Specificity Order: Inline, IDs, Classes, Elements
133The Cascade and Source Order
134!important and When to Avoid It
135Calculating Specificity in Complex Selectors
136Strategies for Managing Specificity
137Selector Performance Considerations
138Grouping Selectors and Selector Lists
139The Box Model: Content, Padding, Border, Margin
140Content Box vs Border Box
141Width and Height Fundamentals
142Padding: Inner Spacing
143Padding Shorthand Syntax
144Margin: Outer Spacing
145Margin Shorthand Syntax
146Margin Collapse: Vertical Margins
147Margin Collapse: Edge Cases
148Auto Margins for Centering
149Negative Margins
150Min and Max Dimensions
151Intrinsic vs Extrinsic Sizing
152Box Sizing Best Practices
153Debugging the Box Model in DevTools
154Absolute Units: px, pt, cm, mm, in
155Relative Units: em and rem
156Viewport Units: vw, vh, vmin, vmax
157Percentage Values
158The ch, ex, and cap Units
159Absolute vs Relative: Choosing the Right Unit
160CSS calc() Function
161min(), max(), and clamp()
162Zero Values and Unitless Numbers
163Angle Units: deg, rad, grad, turn
164Time Units: s and ms
165Resolution Units: dpi, dpcm, dppx
166Font Family and Font Stacks
167Font Weight and Font Style
168Font Size: Absolute and Relative Units
169Line Height and Vertical Rhythm
170Letter Spacing and Word Spacing
171Text Alignment and Justification
172Text Decoration and Underlines
173Text Transform and Capitalization
174Text Indent and Text Overflow
175White Space and Text Wrapping
176Text Shadow
177Font Variant and Small Caps
178Vertical Alignment of Inline Text
179The Font Shorthand Property
180Color Keywords and Named Colors
181Hexadecimal Color Notation
182RGB and RGBA Functions
183HSL and HSLA Functions
184Alpha Transparency and Opacity
185The currentColor Keyword
186Color Contrast and Readability
187System Colors and Theme Support
188Color Space Basics
189Gradients: Linear Gradients
190Gradients: Radial and Conic
191Color in Different Contexts
192Background Color and Transparency
193Background Images
194Background Repeat and Position
195Background Size
196Background Attachment
197Background Shorthand
198Multiple Backgrounds
199Border Width, Style, and Color
200Border Shorthand and Individual Sides
201Border Radius
202Box Shadow Basics
203Multiple Box Shadows
204Inset Shadows
205Text Shadow
206Gradient Backgrounds

Web Development

121Basic Selectors: Type, Class, and ID
122Attribute Selectors
123Combinators: Descendant and Child
124Combinators: Adjacent and General Sibling
125Pseudo-Classes: :hover, :focus, :active
126Structural Pseudo-Classes: :first-child and :last-child
127Structural Pseudo-Classes: :nth-child and :nth-of-type
128Pseudo-Elements: ::before and ::after
129Pseudo-Elements: ::first-line and ::first-letter
130The Universal Selector and Its Uses
131Understanding Specificity: The Point System
132Specificity Order: Inline, IDs, Classes, Elements
133The Cascade and Source Order
134!important and When to Avoid It
135Calculating Specificity in Complex Selectors
136Strategies for Managing Specificity
137Selector Performance Considerations
138Grouping Selectors and Selector Lists
139The Box Model: Content, Padding, Border, Margin
140Content Box vs Border Box
141Width and Height Fundamentals
142Padding: Inner Spacing
143Padding Shorthand Syntax
144Margin: Outer Spacing
145Margin Shorthand Syntax
146Margin Collapse: Vertical Margins
147Margin Collapse: Edge Cases
148Auto Margins for Centering
149Negative Margins
150Min and Max Dimensions
151Intrinsic vs Extrinsic Sizing
152Box Sizing Best Practices
153Debugging the Box Model in DevTools
154Absolute Units: px, pt, cm, mm, in
155Relative Units: em and rem
156Viewport Units: vw, vh, vmin, vmax
157Percentage Values
158The ch, ex, and cap Units
159Absolute vs Relative: Choosing the Right Unit
160CSS calc() Function
161min(), max(), and clamp()
162Zero Values and Unitless Numbers
163Angle Units: deg, rad, grad, turn
164Time Units: s and ms
165Resolution Units: dpi, dpcm, dppx
166Font Family and Font Stacks
167Font Weight and Font Style
168Font Size: Absolute and Relative Units
169Line Height and Vertical Rhythm
170Letter Spacing and Word Spacing
171Text Alignment and Justification
172Text Decoration and Underlines
173Text Transform and Capitalization
174Text Indent and Text Overflow
175White Space and Text Wrapping
176Text Shadow
177Font Variant and Small Caps
178Vertical Alignment of Inline Text
179The Font Shorthand Property
180Color Keywords and Named Colors
181Hexadecimal Color Notation
182RGB and RGBA Functions
183HSL and HSLA Functions
184Alpha Transparency and Opacity
185The currentColor Keyword
186Color Contrast and Readability
187System Colors and Theme Support
188Color Space Basics
189Gradients: Linear Gradients
190Gradients: Radial and Conic
191Color in Different Contexts
192Background Color and Transparency
193Background Images
194Background Repeat and Position
195Background Size
196Background Attachment
197Background Shorthand
198Multiple Backgrounds
199Border Width, Style, and Color
200Border Shorthand and Individual Sides
201Border Radius
202Box Shadow Basics
203Multiple Box Shadows
204Inset Shadows
205Text Shadow
206Gradient Backgrounds

← Web Development

Lesson 155 of 2,982·3. CSS FundamentalsPro lesson

Relative Units: em and rem

Understand em (relative to parent font size) and rem (relative to root), enabling scalable typography.

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