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910The `const` qualifier on variables
911Difference between `const int *` and `int * const`
912Using `const` in function parameters
913The `volatile` qualifier for hardware mapping
914How `volatile` prevents compiler optimization
915The `restrict` pointer qualifier
916Optimization benefits of `restrict`
917Combining `const` and `volatile`
918Internal vs external linkage basics
919The `static` keyword in global scope
920The `static` keyword inside functions
921Sharing variables across files with `extern`
922Using `extern` with functions
923Storage class specifier precedence
924The `register` keyword and its modern relevance
925Common linkage errors and 'multiple definition'
926Reading declarations with the 'Right-Left' rule
927Arrays of pointers vs Pointers to arrays
928Declaring pointers to functions
929Returning pointers to functions from functions
930Complex nested `typedef` structures
931The `sizeof` operator with complex types
932Using `typeof` in C23
933The `_Alignof` and `_Alignas` keywords
934What 'Undefined Behavior' actually means
935Signed integer overflow vs Unsigned wrap
936Strict aliasing rule violations
937Sequence point violations
938Accessing out-of-bounds memory
939Using uninitialized variables
940The 'Nascent Demons' analogy of UB
941Tools to detect UB: UBSan
942Limits of `limits.h` and `stdint.h`
943Implementation-defined behavior vs UB
944Sizes of `int` across different architectures
945The significance of `char` signness
946Handling line endings across OSs
947Structure padding and alignment issues
948The `#pragma pack` directive
949Writing code for 32-bit vs 64-bit
950Big Endian vs Little Endian explained
951Checking system endianness at runtime
952Network byte order and `htons`/`ntohs`
953Manual byte swapping techniques
954Bit-fields in structures and portability
955Using masks for cross-platform bit logic
956The `__builtin_bswap` compiler intrinsics
957The `asm` keyword syntax
958The basic `volatile` asm block
959Input and Output operands in assembly
960The 'Clobber' list explained
961Direct register access
962When to use assembly vs C
963Platform-specific assembly (x86 vs ARM)
964Compiler intrinsics as an alternative
965K&R C vs C89/C90 ANSI
966C99: Variable declarations and `bool`
967C11: Multi-threading and Anonymous structures
968C17: The bug-fix standard
969C23: The `bool`, `true`, and `false` keywords
970C23: The `nullptr` constant
971C23: Attributes like `[[maybe_unused]]`
972Specifying the standard with `-std=` flags
973Introduction to the `_Generic` keyword
974The syntax of a generic selection
975Implementing a generic 'Print' macro
976Handling the `default` case in `_Generic`
977Type-based function overloading simulation
978Comparing `_Generic` to C++ templates
979Mathematical macros using `_Generic`
980Limitations of C generics

910The `const` qualifier on variables
911Difference between `const int *` and `int * const`
912Using `const` in function parameters
913The `volatile` qualifier for hardware mapping
914How `volatile` prevents compiler optimization
915The `restrict` pointer qualifier
916Optimization benefits of `restrict`
917Combining `const` and `volatile`
918Internal vs external linkage basics
919The `static` keyword in global scope
920The `static` keyword inside functions
921Sharing variables across files with `extern`
922Using `extern` with functions
923Storage class specifier precedence
924The `register` keyword and its modern relevance
925Common linkage errors and 'multiple definition'
926Reading declarations with the 'Right-Left' rule
927Arrays of pointers vs Pointers to arrays
928Declaring pointers to functions
929Returning pointers to functions from functions
930Complex nested `typedef` structures
931The `sizeof` operator with complex types
932Using `typeof` in C23
933The `_Alignof` and `_Alignas` keywords
934What 'Undefined Behavior' actually means
935Signed integer overflow vs Unsigned wrap
936Strict aliasing rule violations
937Sequence point violations
938Accessing out-of-bounds memory
939Using uninitialized variables
940The 'Nascent Demons' analogy of UB
941Tools to detect UB: UBSan
942Limits of `limits.h` and `stdint.h`
943Implementation-defined behavior vs UB
944Sizes of `int` across different architectures
945The significance of `char` signness
946Handling line endings across OSs
947Structure padding and alignment issues
948The `#pragma pack` directive
949Writing code for 32-bit vs 64-bit
950Big Endian vs Little Endian explained
951Checking system endianness at runtime
952Network byte order and `htons`/`ntohs`
953Manual byte swapping techniques
954Bit-fields in structures and portability
955Using masks for cross-platform bit logic
956The `__builtin_bswap` compiler intrinsics
957The `asm` keyword syntax
958The basic `volatile` asm block
959Input and Output operands in assembly
960The 'Clobber' list explained
961Direct register access
962When to use assembly vs C
963Platform-specific assembly (x86 vs ARM)
964Compiler intrinsics as an alternative
965K&R C vs C89/C90 ANSI
966C99: Variable declarations and `bool`
967C11: Multi-threading and Anonymous structures
968C17: The bug-fix standard
969C23: The `bool`, `true`, and `false` keywords
970C23: The `nullptr` constant
971C23: Attributes like `[[maybe_unused]]`
972Specifying the standard with `-std=` flags
973Introduction to the `_Generic` keyword
974The syntax of a generic selection
975Implementing a generic 'Print' macro
976Handling the `default` case in `_Generic`
977Type-based function overloading simulation
978Comparing `_Generic` to C++ templates
979Mathematical macros using `_Generic`
980Limitations of C generics

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Lesson 947 of 1,219·13. Advanced CPro lesson

Structure padding and alignment issues

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