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73What is a variable?
74Naming rules and identifiers
75The syntax of a declaration
76Multiple declarations in one line
77Garbage values and uninitialized variables
78Assigning values with `=`
79Declaration vs. Initialization
80Variables in memory addresses
81The `int` keyword
82Short vs. Long integers
83The `long long` type
84Using the `sizeof` operator
85Platform dependency of sizes
86Fixed-width types from `<stdint.h>`
87Printing integers with `%d` and `%ld`
88Minimum and maximum values
89The `signed` keyword
90The `unsigned` keyword
91How bits represent negative numbers
92Understanding Integer Overflow
93Underflow in unsigned types
94Format specifiers for unsigned ints
95When to choose unsigned over signed
96The `<limits.h>` header file
97Single precision `float`
98Double precision `double`
99The `long double` type
100Scientific notation in C
101Precision loss and rounding errors
102Formatting decimals with `%.nf`
103The `<float.h>` header file
104Comparing floats for equality
105The `char` type
106Characters as small integers
107Single quotes vs. double quotes
108Escape sequences like `\n` and `\t`
109The ASCII encoding scheme
110Arithmetic with characters
111Signed vs. Unsigned chars
112Printing chars with `%c`
113The `const` qualifier
114Why use constants?
115Defining constants with `#define`
116Macros vs. Const variables
117Naming conventions for constants
118Literal vs. Symbolic constants
119Integer literals (Hex, Octal, Binary)
120Floating-point suffixes (f, L)
121What is type promotion?
122Integer promotion rules
123Hierarchy of types in expressions
124Automatic conversion in assignments
125Risks of narrowing conversions
126The 'Usual Arithmetic Conversions'
127Mixing signed and unsigned in math
128Common conversion pitfalls
129The cast operator `(type)`
130Forcing floating-point division
131Casting between char and int
132Safe downcasting techniques
133Truncation during float-to-int casts
134Casting pointers (Introductory look)
135Readability and intent in casting
136Local variables and block scope
137Global variables and file scope
138Shadowing: Nested scope name clashes
139Lifetime vs. Scope
140Automatic duration variables
141Function parameters as local scope
142The dangers of global variables
143The `auto` keyword
144Static local variables
145Persisting data between function calls
146The `extern` keyword for multi-file code
147Introduction to the `register` keyword
148Default initialization of static variables
149Memory segments: Stack vs. Data

73What is a variable?
74Naming rules and identifiers
75The syntax of a declaration
76Multiple declarations in one line
77Garbage values and uninitialized variables
78Assigning values with `=`
79Declaration vs. Initialization
80Variables in memory addresses
81The `int` keyword
82Short vs. Long integers
83The `long long` type
84Using the `sizeof` operator
85Platform dependency of sizes
86Fixed-width types from `<stdint.h>`
87Printing integers with `%d` and `%ld`
88Minimum and maximum values
89The `signed` keyword
90The `unsigned` keyword
91How bits represent negative numbers
92Understanding Integer Overflow
93Underflow in unsigned types
94Format specifiers for unsigned ints
95When to choose unsigned over signed
96The `<limits.h>` header file
97Single precision `float`
98Double precision `double`
99The `long double` type
100Scientific notation in C
101Precision loss and rounding errors
102Formatting decimals with `%.nf`
103The `<float.h>` header file
104Comparing floats for equality
105The `char` type
106Characters as small integers
107Single quotes vs. double quotes
108Escape sequences like `\n` and `\t`
109The ASCII encoding scheme
110Arithmetic with characters
111Signed vs. Unsigned chars
112Printing chars with `%c`
113The `const` qualifier
114Why use constants?
115Defining constants with `#define`
116Macros vs. Const variables
117Naming conventions for constants
118Literal vs. Symbolic constants
119Integer literals (Hex, Octal, Binary)
120Floating-point suffixes (f, L)
121What is type promotion?
122Integer promotion rules
123Hierarchy of types in expressions
124Automatic conversion in assignments
125Risks of narrowing conversions
126The 'Usual Arithmetic Conversions'
127Mixing signed and unsigned in math
128Common conversion pitfalls
129The cast operator `(type)`
130Forcing floating-point division
131Casting between char and int
132Safe downcasting techniques
133Truncation during float-to-int casts
134Casting pointers (Introductory look)
135Readability and intent in casting
136Local variables and block scope
137Global variables and file scope
138Shadowing: Nested scope name clashes
139Lifetime vs. Scope
140Automatic duration variables
141Function parameters as local scope
142The dangers of global variables
143The `auto` keyword
144Static local variables
145Persisting data between function calls
146The `extern` keyword for multi-file code
147Introduction to the `register` keyword
148Default initialization of static variables
149Memory segments: Stack vs. Data

Lesson 91 of 1,219·2. Variables and TypesPro lesson

How bits represent negative numbers

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